Cardiovascular Essentials for Advanced Practice Providers Revamp-Congestive Heart Failure (HF) Video

Video Transcription

Video Summary

The module reviews congestive heart failure, including HFrEF, HFpEF, right heart failure, and acute decompensated heart failure. It highlights major risk factors such as age, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and race, noting higher incidence and mortality in Black patients. Heart failure is staged by disease progression and classified by NYHA functional class based on symptoms. HFrEF involves reduced ejection fraction from remodeling and neurohormonal activation, while HFpEF results from stiff, noncompliant ventricles and impaired filling. Common symptoms include dyspnea, fatigue, edema, and weight gain. Diagnosis relies on BNP, labs, echocardiography, and imaging as needed. Guideline-directed therapy for HFrEF includes ARNI/ACEi/ARB, beta blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, and diuretics for symptom relief. HFpEF management focuses on treating comorbidities, exercise, SGLT2 inhibitors, and diuretics. Acute heart failure treatment depends on perfusion and volume status, using diuretics, vasodilators, inotropes, or pressors as needed.

Keywords

congestive heart failure

HFrEF

HFpEF

acute decompensated heart failure

NYHA functional class

guideline-directed therapy