Cardiometabolic Management Essentials for Advanced Practice Providers (APPs)-Type 2 Diabetes Diagnosis and Management

Video Transcription

Video Summary

In this video, the speaker discusses the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of type 2 diabetes. They mention that type 2 diabetes is a heterogeneous condition characterized by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency, leading to hyperglycemia. Risk factors include obesity, sedentary lifestyle, high-fat diet, family history, certain ethnic groups, female gender, increased age, tobacco use, disordered sleep patterns, prior history of gestational diabetes, and certain medications. The speaker emphasizes the importance of individualized care plans and a multidisciplinary approach to managing diabetes. They discuss non-pharmacologic treatments including physical activity, dietary modification, weight reduction, diabetes self-management education and support, blood glucose monitoring, immunizations, smoking cessation, and family planning. They also mention the pharmacologic treatment options for type 2 diabetes including oral agents such as metformin, sulfonylureas, and DPP-4 inhibitors, as well as injectable agents such as GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT-2 inhibitors, and insulin. The speaker describes different insulin regimens and dosing strategies including basal insulin, bolus insulin, and intensive basal bolus insulin therapy. They also briefly mention the potential role of surgical treatment, including metabolic surgery, in patients with type 2 diabetes. In the next presentation, the speaker will discuss how to put all of these treatment options together for individual patients.

Keywords

type 2 diabetes

insulin resistance

hyperglycemia

risk factors

individualized care plans

non-pharmacologic treatments

pharmacologic treatment options

insulin regimens

metabolic surgery